Letters

There are eighteen letters known from Merian, of which twelve are autographs and six are not in her own hand. The transcriptions of these letters are presented here in the original languages, German, Dutch and French. Every letter is preceded by a short introduction in English, elucidating briefly its contents. For these intros, we are very appreciative of the informative publication in German Maria Sibylla Merian. Briefe 1682 bis 1712 edited by Katharina Schmidt-Loske, Helga Prüssmann-Zemper and Brigitte Wirth (Rangsdorf 2020). References to this publication are given between brackets: ‘(Briefe 2020, p. …)’. The transcriptions on this site were made by Bert van de Roemer and Carlijn van der Baan, and were carefully corrected by Brigitte Wirth. The introductions are by Bert van de Roemer.

For referring to Merian’s publications, we used the following terms and abbreviations in the introductions: 

  • Blumenbücher = ‘Flower Books’: three sets of prints of flowers and bouquets that served as examples for watercolors and needleworks.
    • Part I: Florum Fasciculus Primus quem Maria Sibylla Merian Graffin Matthaei Meriani Senioris Filia depinxit aerique incidit, et Jo: Andreas Graff excudit Noribergae A° 1675. Nürnberg, Johannes Andreas Graff, 1675.
    • Part II: Florum Fasciculus, Alter Zweyter Blumen-Theil so Maria Sibylla Gräffin Matth: Merians seel. des Aeltern Tochter nach dem Leben gemahlet und selbst auffs Kupffer gebracht […]. Nürnberg, Johannes Andreas Graff, 1677.
    • Part III: Florum Fasciculus Tertius, Dritter BlumenTheil: so Maria Sibylla Gräffin nach dem Leben gemahlet, und ins Kupffer gestochen. Zu finden in Nürnberg bey Joh. Andr. Graffen Mahlern A° 1680.
  • Raupenbücher = ‘Caterpillar Books’: two volumes with Merian’s observations of caterpillars, butterflies, and plants in Germany.
    • Part I: Der Raupen wunderbare Verwandelung und sonderbare Blumennahrung […]. Nürnberg, Johann Andreas Graff; Frankfurt/M & Leipzig, 1679.
    • Part II: Der Raupen wunderbare Verwandelung und sonderbare Blumennahrung […]. Andrer Theil, Frankfurt/M und Leipzig, David Funken, 1683.
  • MIS = Metamorphosis Insectorum Surinamensium: a volume in folio format with Merian’s observations of Surinam caterpillars, butterflies, and plants, published in 1705.
    • Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium. Ofte Verandering der Surinaamsche insecten. Waar in de Surinaamsche rupsen en wormen met alle des zelfs veranderingen na het leven afgebeeld en beschreeven worden […]. Amsterdam, for and sold by the author, sold by G. Valck, 1705

1. Merian to Clara Regina Imhoff. Nürnberg 25 July 1682, autographic in German. Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nürnberg, HA, Familie Imhoff, Teil II, Fasz. 50

2. Merian to Clara Regina Imhoff. Nuremberg 24 March 1683, autographic in German. Stadtbibliothek Nürnberg, Autogr. 164

3. Merian to Clara Regina Imhoff. Frankfurt 8 December 1684, autographic in German. Stadtbibliothek Nürnberg, Autogr. 172

4. Merian to Clara Regina Imhoff. Frankfurt am Mainz 8 May 1685, autographic in German. Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nürnberg, HA, Familie Imhoff, Teil II, Fasz. 50

5. Merian to Clara Regina Imhoff. Frankfurt am Mainz 3 June 1685, autographic in German. Stadtbibliothek Nürnberg, Autogr. 166

6. Merian to Clara Regina Imhoff. Amsterdam 27 August 1697, autographic in German. Stadtbibliothek Nürnberg, Autogr. 167

7. Merian to Johann Georg Volkamer. Amsterdam 8 Oktober 1702, autographic in German. Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Briefsammlung Trew

8. Merian to Johann Georg Volkamer. Amsterdam Oktober 1702, autographic in German. Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Briefsammlung Trew

9. Merian to James Petiver. Amsterdam 4 June 1703, not autographic in Dutch. The British Library, London, Department of Manuscripts, Sloane 4063, fol. 201 f

10. Merian to James Petiver. Amsterdam 28 June 1703, not autographic in Dutch. The British Library, London, Department of Manuscripts, Sloane 4063, fol. 204

11. Merian to James Petiver. Amsterdam 5 October 1703, not autographic in Dutch. The British Library, London, Department of Manuscripts, Sloane 4063, fol. 214

12a. Merian to James Petiver. Amsterdam 14 April 1704, not autographic in French. The British Library, London, Department of Manuscripts, Sloane 4064, fol. 5

12b. Merian to Petiver, 14 Arpil 1704 rcvd, The British Library, London, Department of Manuscripts, Sloane 4067, fol. 51-52. English translation of French original letter 12a

13. Merian to Johann Georg Volkamer. Amsterdam 31 Juli 1704, autographic in German. Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Briefsammlung Trew

14. Merian to Johann Georg Volkamer. Amsterdam 16 April 1705, autographic in German. Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Briefsammlung Trew

15. Merian to James Petiver. Amsterdam 27 April 1705, autographic in German. The British Library, London, Department of Manuscripts, Sloane 3321, fol. 176

16a. Merian to James Petiver. Amsterdam 14 March 1708, not autographic in French. The British Library, London, Department of Manuscripts, Sloane 4064, fol. 161

16b. Merian to Petiver, Amsterdam 14 March 1708. The British Library, London, Department of Manuscripts, Sloane MS 3336, fol. 33. English translation of French original, letter 16a

17. Merian to Christian Schlegel. Amsterdam 2 October 1711, not autographic in German. Fondation Custodia, Paris, Collection Frits Lugt, Inv. Nr. 7578

18. Merian to James Petiver. Amsterdam 29 August 1712, not autographic in Dutch. The British Library, London, Department of Manuscripts, Sloane 4065, fol. 58

  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
    • Yulia Dunaeva & Bert van de Roemer, ‘How to Crack Such Shells? Maria Sibylla Merian and Catalogues of Zoological Specimens’ in: Van de Roemer et al. (eds.), Maria Sibylla Merian. Changing the Nature of Art and Science, Tielt 2022, p. 252-170.
    • Kay Etheridge, The Flowering of Ecology: Maria Sibylla Merian’s Caterpillar Book, Leiden & Boston 2021.
    • Florence Pieters, F. ‘Interpreting Merian. Challenges in transcribing her manuscripts with special attention to Merian’s work for Rumphius’s book on Ambonese rarities’ in: Proceedings of the Symposium “Exploring M.S. Merian”, Amsterdam (2014): https://www.themariasibyllameriansociety.humanities.uva.nl/research/essays2014/.
    • Florence Pieters & Bert van de Roemer ‘In Search of Friendship. Maria Sibylla Merian’s Traces in Friendship Albums (alba amicorum)’ in: Van de Roemer et al. (eds.), Maria Sibylla Merian. Changing the Nature of Art and Science, Tielt 2022, p. 74-86.
    • Florence Pieters & Diny Winthagen ‘Maria Sibylla Merian, naturalist and artist (1647–1717). A commemoration on the occasion of the 350th anniversary of her birth’ in: Archives of Natural History 26 (1999), p. 1–18.
    • Bert van de Roemer, ‘The Merian-Rumphius Connection. Merian’s Alleged Contribution to D’Amboinsche Rariteitkamer‘ in: Van de Roemer et al. (eds.), Maria Sibylla Merian. Changing the Nature of Art and Science, Tielt 2022, p. 154-170.
    • Bert van de Roemer, Florence Pieters, Kay Etheridge, Hans Mulder & Marieke van Delft (eds.), Maria Sibylla Merian. Changing the Nature of Art and Science, Tielt 2022.
    • Elisabeth Rücker, Maria Sibylla Merian 1647-1717, Nuremberg 1967.
    • Christine Sauer, ‘Painting Flowers with Needles’ in: in: Van de Roemer et al. (eds.), Maria Sibylla Merian. Changing the Nature of Art and Science, Tielt 2022, p. 74-86.
    • Katharina Schmidt-Loske, Helga Prüssmann-Zemper and Brigitte Wirth (eds.), Maria Sibylla Merian. Briefe 1682 bis 1712, Rangsdorf 2020.
    • Kurt Wettengl (ed.), Maria Sibylla Merian. Artist and Naturalist, Ostfildern 1998.
    • Brigitte Wirth, ‘Maria Sibylla Merian, Baltasar Scheid und Richard Bradley. Die Künstlerin und Naturforscherin, ein Kaufmann und ein Botaniker’ in: Annals of the His- tory and Philosophy of Biology 12 (2007), p. 115–153.